Heterodyne detection is a technique used in electronics and optics where two signals of different frequencies are mixed to produce new signals at the sum and difference of the original frequencies.
How It Works:
- A signal (such as a radio or optical wave) is combined with a reference signal from a local oscillator.
- The result is a beat frequency, typically the difference between the two.
- This lower frequency is easier to amplify, analyze, or digitize, especially when the original signal is at a high frequency.
Applications:
- Radio receivers: Converts high-frequency signals (e.g., FM radio) to intermediate frequencies for easier processing.
- Radar and LIDAR systems: For precise speed and distance measurement.
- Optical communications: Enhances signal detection in fiber optics.
- Astronomy and spectroscopy: To resolve fine spectral details.
Heterodyne detection is prized for its sensitivity and frequency resolution, making it vital in high-precision signal processing.