The Bernoulli Principle is a fundamental concept in fluid dynamics that helps explain how airplane wings generate lift, allowing aircraft to fly. It states that in a stream of fluid (like air), an increase in speed results in a decrease in pressure.
How It Applies to Airplane Wings:
Airplane wings are designed with a special shape called an airfoil — curved on the top and flatter on the bottom.
- As air flows over the wing, it moves faster over the curved upper surface than along the flatter underside.
- According to Bernoulli’s principle, faster airflow leads to lower pressure on top of the wing.
- The higher pressure beneath the wing and lower pressure above it create a net upward force called lift.
This lift is what counteracts the weight of the airplane and allows it to rise into the air.
Key Features:
- Lift increases with speed: As the plane moves faster, more air flows over the wings, enhancing the pressure difference.
- Wing shape, angle, and airspeed all contribute to how much lift is generated.
- This principle also plays a role in the flight of birds, gliders, and even paper airplanes.
Importance in Aviation:
Without Bernoulli’s principle, modern aviation would not be possible. It is a critical factor in aerodynamics, helping engineers design efficient wings and control surfaces for safe, stable flight.