Anthropic Principle: The Universe Must Permit Observers Like Us

The anthropic principle is a philosophical idea in cosmology and physics that states: the physical laws and constants of the

Hubble Tension: The Disagreement Over the Universe’s Expansion Rate

The Hubble tension refers to the growing discrepancy between different measurements of the Hubble constant—the rate at which the universe

Cosmic Censorship Hypothesis: Hiding Singularities Behind Horizons

The cosmic censorship hypothesis is a proposal in general relativity suggesting that singularities—points in spacetime where gravity becomes infinite—are always

Relativistic Jets: High-Speed Outflows from Extreme Cosmic Objects

Relativistic jets are powerful, narrow streams of plasma that are ejected at speeds close to the speed of light from

Tolman Test: Probing the Expanding Universe and General Relativity

The Tolman test is an observational test of general relativity and the expanding universe model, proposed by physicist Richard C.

Eddington Limit: The Brightness Ceiling for Stars

The Eddington limit is the maximum luminosity a star (or other luminous object) can have before the outward pressure of

Geodetic Precession: Spin Axis Shift in Curved Spacetime

Geodetic precession is a relativistic effect that occurs when a spinning object, like a gyroscope, moves through curved spacetime. As

Lense–Thirring Effect: Frame Dragging by Rotating Masses

The Lense–Thirring effect, also known as frame dragging, is a prediction of general relativity that describes how the rotation of

Proper Distance: Measuring Space in a Relativistic Universe

In the context of relativity, proper distance is the actual spatial separation between two events or points as measured by

Geodesics: The Natural Paths in Curved Spacetime

In general relativity, geodesics are the straightest possible paths that objects follow through curved spacetime. While in flat, Euclidean space