Rabi Oscillations: Coherent Quantum State Transitions

Rabi oscillations refer to the periodic transitions between two quantum states of a system — such as an electron’s spin

Lamb Shift: A Quantum Electrodynamics Effect

The Lamb shift is a small but measurable energy difference between two closely spaced energy levels in the hydrogen atom

Quantum Confinement in Nanostructures

Quantum confinement refers to the phenomenon where the electronic and optical properties of materials change dramatically when their size is

Wave-Particle Duality and de Broglie Wavelength

The de Broglie wavelength is a fundamental concept that bridges classical and quantum physics, illustrating the wave-particle duality of matter.

Quantum Capacitance: Key in Low-Dimensional Systems

Quantum capacitance is an additional capacitance that arises from the finite density of electronic states available to accept charge in

Anderson Localization: Halted Diffusion in Disordered Systems

Anderson localization is a quantum phenomenon where waves, such as electrons or light, become localized and cease to propagate through

Superlattices: Engineered Periodic Structures in Semiconductors

Superlattices are artificially created structures consisting of alternating thin layers of different semiconductor materials, typically just a few nanometers thick.

Charge Density Waves: Periodic Electron Modulations in Solids

Charge density waves (CDWs) are periodic modulations of the electronic charge density in a material, typically accompanied by a distortion

Quantum Phase Transitions: Driven by Quantum Fluctuations

Quantum phase transitions are fundamental changes in the ground state of a physical system that occur at absolute zero temperature

Domain Walls: Boundaries in Magnetic Materials

Domain walls are thin transitional regions that separate magnetic domains — areas within a ferromagnetic material where the magnetic moments