The Standard Model’s Missing Piece – Gravity
The Standard Model of particle physics is a remarkably successful theory that describes three of the four fundamental forces in
The Electromagnetic Spectrum – From Radio Waves to Gamma Rays
The electromagnetic spectrum encompasses the entire range of electromagnetic radiation, from the longest radio waves to the shortest gamma rays.
Hawking Radiation – How Black Holes Can Evaporate
Hawking radiation is a groundbreaking theoretical prediction made by physicist Stephen Hawking in 1974, which suggests that black holes are
The Neutrino – Pauli’s Invisible Solution to Beta Decay
In 1930, physicist Wolfgang Pauli proposed the existence of a new, unseen particle—later named the neutrino—to solve a troubling mystery
Quantum Chromodynamics – The Theory of Quarks and Gluons
Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) is the branch of quantum field theory that describes the strong nuclear force, the fundamental force responsible
The Chandrasekhar Limit – The Mass Boundary Between White Dwarfs and Collapse
The Chandrasekhar limit, approximately 1.4 times the mass of the Sun, is a fundamental threshold in stellar evolution that determines
The Chernobyl Disaster – A Tragic Lesson in Nuclear Physics
The Chernobyl disaster, which occurred on April 26, 1986, in Soviet Ukraine, was one of the most catastrophic nuclear accidents
The Casimir Effect – Quantum Forces from Empty Space
The Casimir effect is a fascinating phenomenon where two uncharged, parallel metal plates placed very close together in a vacuum
Electron Interference – Revealing the Wave Nature of Matter
Electrons, though commonly thought of as tiny particles, also exhibit wave-like behavior, a fact famously demonstrated by interference patterns in
Symmetry Breaking – How Particles Gained Mass in the Early Universe
In the very early universe, shortly after the Big Bang, all fundamental forces and particles are believed to have been