The Uncertainty Principle, formulated by Werner Heisenberg in 1927, is a fundamental concept in quantum mechanics that states: it is impossible to simultaneously know both the exact position and the exact momentum of a particle with perfect accuracy.

More specifically, the more precisely you measure a particle’s position, the less precisely you can know its momentum, and vice versa. This is not due to flaws in measurement tools but is an inherent property of nature at the quantum scale.

This means that the product of the uncertainties can never be smaller than a fundamental constant.

The Uncertainty Principle has profound implications:

• It challenges the classical idea that particles have definite positions and velocities at all times.
• It introduces the concept of probability and wavefunctions in describing particles.
• It limits how precisely we can predict outcomes in quantum experiments.

This principle is essential for understanding phenomena such as:

• Quantum tunneling, where particles pass through barriers they classically shouldn’t,
• The behavior of electrons in atoms,
• The stability of matter.